NS-2 Maritime Science: Unit 2 Chapter 2: Undersea Landscapes
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What type of map shows different heights of the earth's surface using shading, colors or lines?
Relief Maps
Contour Maps
Mercator Projections
Navigational Maps
Thematic Maps
Which of the following is not a common term for the bottom of the ocean?
The Abyssal Plain
The Deep Ocean Floor
The Deep Sea
The Deep Ocean Basin
The Abyss
Although 71% of the Earth's crust is covered by salt water, how much of that is deep oceanic basin?
Two-thirds
One-half
Three-quarters
One-quarter
One-Third
What is another name for an "Echo Sounder"?
A fathometer
A Periscope
A Relief Map
A Sonar Ring
A Piston Corer
Which underwater terrain feature lies between the continental shelf and the deep ocean basin?
The continental slope
The deep sea floor
The abyss
The continental reef
The submarine canyon
What depth is generally accepted by most maritime nations of the world for a continental shelf?
Out to 200 meters
Out to 100 fathoms
Out to 200 fathoms
Out to 100 meters
12 nautical miles
What is the general texture of continental shelves?
There is not a regular texture.
Smooth terrain
Rough terrain
Irregular slopes
Repeating patters of ridges and valleys.
In what part of the oceans do most of the sea vegetation and saltwater fishes and animals exist?
The continental shelves
The abyss
The deep ocean floor
The continental slopes
There is an even distribution of life throughout all of the areas of the oceans
What is the name given to rapidly moving underwater currents carrying debris and sediments?
Turbidity currents
Submarine currents
Continental currents
Typhoon currents
Gulf currents
Enormous plains of mud deep in the oceans created from silt carried out to sea from rivers are called what?
Submarine fans
Submarine currents
Turbidity currents
Turbidity fields
Continental shelves
What is the main underwater feature in the southern and southeastern Pacific Ocean?
The East Pacific Rise
The Mid-Atlantic Ridge
The Mid-Indian Ocean Ridge
The Australia Ridge
The South Pacific Rise
Seamounts are found in all oceans but are found most often in which ocean?
The Pacific
The Indian
The Antarctic
The Arctic
The Atlantic
Underwater mountains with flattened tops that never reach the surface are known as what?
Guyots
Atolls
Lagoons
Seamounts
Volcanoes
Which of the following is NOT the name of a Pacific volcanic island chain?
New Guinea
Caroline
Gilbert
Samoan
Society
The volcano Mauna Loa is located in what island chain?
The Hawaiian Islands
The Gilbert Islands
The Caroline Islands
The Society Islands
The Samoan Islands
What general type of material is found in warm, shallower waters and is composed of marine shells and the skeletons of minute animals?
Oozes
Clays
Land-derived muds
Sea-derived muds
Coral
Reddish clay generally covers what parts of the Oceans?
The deep, cold parts of the ocean basin.
Warm, shallower waters.
The abyssal plains.
Deep warm waters.
Reddish clay is not common to any ocean areas.
What type of material found on the ocean floor consists of materials brought down by rivers that flow into the oceans?
Land-derived muds
Oozes
Clays
Coral
Sea-derived muds
Mineral crystals which solidify or encrust around tine objects on the sea bottom are called what?
Nodules
Oozes
Clays
Guyots
Atolls
Which type of nodules found on the bottom of large areas of the ocean are the most valuable?
Manganese
Gold
Steel
Iron
Aluminum
What is the most common technique to bring up samples of the deep ocean seabed?
Coring
Using mini-submarines to extract small areas of the ocean bottom.
Using deep-sea nets to capture sections of the seabed and bring them up.
Deep-sea divers using pressure suits and diving helmets.
There is no known method to bring up samples of the deep ocean seabed.
What is the main difficulty to bringing up the valuable nodules located on the bottom of the Pacific Ocean?
They lie in water so deep they cannot be easily retrieved.
They weigh so much that it is difficult to get strong enough cable to bring them up.
Without adequate light it is difficult to spot them in the deep ocean.
There is no difficulty. They are mined each year in great quantities.
They are easily damaged and difficult to bring up in their pure form.