Naval Knowledge, Unit Four, Chapter Two: International Law of the Sea

What early scholar of international law first said "No part of the sea may be regarded as pertaining to the domain of any given nation."?
1. Hugo Grotius
2. President Truman
3. President Roosevelt
4. Niccolo Machiavelli
5. Karl Von Clausewitz
What was the basis for the 3-mile limit set up until modern times for territorial seas?
1. That was how far a cannon shell shot from a 17th century cannon could go.
2. That is the distance of the horizon at sea level.
3. Sailing speeds averaged 3 miles per hour and so this was the same as a one-hour warning.
4. This was how far away a ship's cannon could fire at a land target.
5. The limit of territorial seas was never set at 3 miles.
What government first challenged the 3 mile territorial sea limit, seeking to move it out to 12 miles?
1. Russia
2. Great Britain
3. The United States
4. France
5. Italy
What agreement in 1978 set the limit of a territorial sea at 12 miles?
1. The Law of the Sea Conference
2. The Maritime Nations Border Agreement
3. The Conference of Littoral States
4. The Organization of American States Convention
5. The NATO Agreement
Which of the following is NOT one of the main precepts of the international law of the sea that have evolved over the centuries?
1. The concept of innocent passage.
2. The concept of freedom of the high seas.
3. The concept of the territorial sea.
4. The concept of special contiguous zones.
Which of the main precepts of international law of the sea defines areas of special limited jurisdiction where neither the rules of the high seas nor territorial seas pertain?
1. Special Contiguous Zones
2. Territorial Seas
3. High Seas
4. Littoral Zones
5. Economic Zones
Which of the following is NOT one of the main issues that the law of the sea conferences have had to deal with?
1. Size and strength of Navies
2. The breadth of territorial seas
3. Passage through straits
4. Fisheries
5. Mineral rights on the seabed.
Why would having the narrowest possible territorial sea be advantageous from the U.S. Navy's perspective?
1. Because larger territorial seas tend to limit mobility.
2. It would allow the Navy to get closer to an enemy coasts.
3. Because it would result in less of the world's oceans that the Navy would need to defend and control.
4. It would limit the number of rules and regulations the Navy would have to know and comply with.
5. Actually, having the narrowest possible territorial sea is not advantageous to the Navy.
Why would setting up designated sea lanes and enforcing their use on the open sea be a bad thing for the U.S. Navy?
1. Using only these routes would make the job of an enemy easier when trying to track our warships.
2. Because the chance of collisions at sea would go up if everyone used the same sea lanes.
3. Because it would make search and rescue efforts harder when accidents as sea occurred.
4. Because we might not get the sea lanes we want approved and that would limit our mobility.
5. Because having to stay within specified sea lanes would be a difficult navigation problem.
What term below concerns the right of vessels of one nation to navigate peacefully through the territorial waters of another nation?
1. Innocent passage
2. Freedom of the seas
3. Freedom of movement
4. Right of Legation
5. Territorial transit
What is unique about the right of innocent passage in regards to submarines?
1. Submarines only have this right if the transit is made on the surface.
2. Submarines only have this right if the transit is made while submerged.
3. Submarines must have a licensed pilot onboard when making the transit.
4. Submarines do not have the right of innocent passage.
5. Submarines do not have to comply with the rules for innocent passage.
Which of the following is NOT a requirement for the right of innocent passage under international law?
1. Prior notification or authorization of the countries whose waters are being transited.
2. If a submarine, transit must be on the surface and not submerged.
3. The transit must not be prejudicial to the peace, good order or security of the coastal state.
4. The transiting ship has the right to stop and anchor if necessary for safe navigation.
5. The transiting ship must not enter into the inland waters of the coastal state.
Which of the following is NOT a responsibility or right of a littoral (coastal) state when a foreign vessel is making a right of innocent passage transit through its territorial sea?
1. To give permission to the ship to make the transit if it is following all of the rules.
2. It cannot hinder the innocent passage so long as the vessel follows the rules.
3. It can protect itself from acts harmful to its security.
4. It can require that customs and health inspectors board the ship before it is allowed entry into that country's internal waters.
5. It must provide adequate publicity to know dangers to navigation in its territorial sea.
Which of the following is NOT an example of a rule that a ship transiting a country's territorial waters must follow?
1. All of these are rules that must be followed during a transit under the right of innocent passage.
2. Pollution of the waters.
3. Conservation of the living resources of the sea.
4. The rights of hunting and fishing.
5. Display of the ship's national colors and such salutes as required by the coastal state.
What is the difference in international law between bays and gulfs?
1. Gulfs are larger and extend deeper into the land.
2. Bays are larger and extend deeper into the land.
3. Gulfs are larger but bays extend deeper into the land.
4. Bays are larger but gulfs extend deeper into the land.
5. There is no difference under international law between bays and gulfs.
If an entrance to a bay or gulf is _____ miles or less in width, a line can be drawn seaward of the narrows at the entrance and all of the water within the bay or gulf is considered territorial seas.
1. 24
2. 20
3. 12
4. 3
5. 32
Which of the following is NOT an example of a country trying to claim the waters within a bay or a gulf as internal waters, but their claim has not been held up under international law?
1. The Gulf of Mexico
2. The Gulf of Sidra
3. Hudson Bay
4. The Bay of Fundy
5. All of these bays and gulfs are examples of waters unsuccessfully claimed as territorial seas.
What body of water has been proposed by some third world countries to be a zone of "peace and security", where no warships should be allowed to enter?
1. The Indian Ocean
2. The Arctic Ocean
3. The Gulf of Mexico
4. The Red Sea
5. The Mediterranean Sea
What is the name given to rivers which lie entirely within one country?
1. National Rivers
2. International Rivers
3. Thalwegs
4. National Waters
5. Territorial Rivers
What is the name given to rivers that form a boundary between two or more countries?
1. International Rivers
2. National Rivers
3. Thalwegs
4. Channels
5. Seaways
What is the name given to the center of the deepest channel in an international river, that is used to mark the boundary between two countries?
1. A Thalweg
2. A Channel Marker
3. A Rhomb Line
4. A Contiguous Zone
5. A Boundary Line
Which of the following is an example of an international river?
1. The Amazon
2. The Mississippi
3. The Potomac
4. The Thames
5. The Rhone
Which of the following is considered to be a national river?
1. The Rhone
2. The Amazon
3. The Rhine
4. The Congo
5. The Danube
Countries that lie along the shore of a river that separates two nations are called _________ countries.
1. Riparian
2. Thalweg
3. International
4. Littoral
5. Riverine
What percentage of the world's surface today is considered to be "high seas"?
1. 70
2. 50
3. 40
4. 25
5. 84
What is the common name given to the region extending beyond the 12-mile territorial sea to about 200 miles?
1. The Economic Zone
2. The Contiguous Zone
3. The Fisheries Zone
4. The Exploration and Development Zone
5. The High Seas
Since World War II, which international maritime area below has seen the most legal disputes?
1. Fisheries
2. Mineral Exploration
3. Oil Production
4. Freedom of Navigation
5. Territorial Sea Limits
The Geneva Convention on the Continental Shelf in 1964 set what depth of water as the maximum depth for a continental shelf?
1. 200 meters
2. 200 feet
3. 656 meters
4. 2000 meters
5. 3 nautical miles
Because oil rigs are considered to be hazards to navigation on the high seas, the Continental Shelf Convention specified that a safety zone be established around them. How far out does this safety zone extend?
1. 500 meters
2. 5 miles
3. 3 miles
4. 500 feet
5. 12 miles
The mining of what mineral from the seabeds started in the early 1907's?
1. Manganese
2. Copper
3. Zinc
4. Iron
5. Gold
What is the position of the United States in regards to who should control the deep seabeds?
1. That all activities be governed by international law in accordance with UN principals.
2. That every nation should be given equal parcels of the seabed for development.
3. That only coastal nations be given parcels of the seabed for development.
4. That the nations with the strongest Navies be given parcels of the seabed for development.
5. That the deep seabeds be off limits to every nation permanently.
Which of the following areas is NOT one of the areas where U.S. policy continues to focus in regards to laws of the sea agreements?
1. These are all areas where the U.S. is resisting attempts to impose restrictions.
2. Navigation through or overflight of an economic zone.
3. Innocent passage of warships through territorial waters, or having to provide advance notice for this.
4. Submerged transit or overflight of straits.
5. Entrance of naval vessels into semi-enclosed areas.